How is the Indian Parliament structured?

Introduction

The Indian Parliament is the supreme legislative body in India. It is a bicameral institution, consisting of two houses: the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha. This structure is designed to represent the diverse population of India and ensure effective governance.

Structure of the Indian Parliament

The Parliament of India is composed of the following two houses:

1. Lok Sabha (House of the People)

The Lok Sabha is the lower house of Parliament and represents the general population. Members are directly elected by the people of India through general elections.

• Number of Members: The Lok Sabha has a maximum of 552 members, including representatives from states and union territories.
• Term: Members serve a term of five years, but the Lok Sabha can be dissolved earlier by the Prime Minister.
• Functions: The Lok Sabha plays a crucial role in framing laws, approving the budget, and overseeing the executive branch.

2. Rajya Sabha (Council of States)

The Rajya Sabha is the upper house of Parliament and represents the states and union territories. It acts as a revising chamber and reviews legislation proposed by the Lok Sabha.

1. Number of Members: The Rajya Sabha has a maximum of 250 members, including nominated and elected representatives.
2. Term: Members serve staggered terms of six years, with one-third of the members retiring every two years.
3. Functions: The Rajya Sabha reviews and amends legislation, provides a forum for debate, and represents states and union territories.

Roles and Responsibilities

The Indian Parliament has several important roles and responsibilities:

• Legislation: Enacts and amends laws governing the country.
• Budget Approval: Approves the national budget and expenditure.
• Executive Oversight: Monitors and scrutinizes the actions of the executive branch.
• Representation: Represents the interests and concerns of the public and states.

Conclusion

The structure of the Indian Parliament ensures a balance of power and representation, providing a platform for democratic governance and legislative action. Understanding its structure and functions is essential for grasping the workings of Indian democracy.