What is the role of the Supreme Court of India?

Introduction

The Supreme Court of India is the apex judicial body in the country, tasked with the responsibility of upholding the Constitution and ensuring justice. It plays a critical role in the Indian legal system.

Structure of the Supreme Court

The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of India and a maximum of 33 other judges. These judges are appointed by the President of India and serve until the age of 65.

Functions and Responsibilities

• Judicial Review: The Supreme Court has the power to review laws and executive actions to ensure they are in line with the Constitution.
• Constitutional Interpretation: It interprets the Constitution and provides guidance on its application.
• Protection of Fundamental Rights: The Court ensures that fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution are protected.

Significant Cases

1. Kesavananda Bharati Case: This landmark case established the Basic Structure Doctrine of the Constitution.
2. Vineet Narain Case: The Supreme Court laid down guidelines for the investigation of corruption cases.
3. Indira Sawhney Case: It dealt with the issue of reservations for backward classes in education and employment.

Conclusion

The Supreme Court of India serves as the guardian of the Constitution, playing a crucial role in maintaining the rule of law and protecting the rights of citizens.