What is the role of the High Courts in India?

Introduction

The High Courts in India play a pivotal role in the Indian judicial system. They are the highest courts at the state level and are crucial in upholding justice and the rule of law.

Structure of High Courts

Each state in India has its own High Court, with the exception of some states that share a High Court. The High Courts are headed by a Chief Justice and consist of other judges appointed by the President of India.

Functions of High Courts

• Judicial Review: High Courts have the authority to review laws and executive actions to ensure they are constitutional.
• Appeals: They hear appeals from lower courts and tribunals, providing a check on lower court decisions.
• Original Jurisdiction: In certain matters, such as disputes between states or between the state and the central government, High Courts have original jurisdiction.

Significant Cases

1. Kesavananda Bharati Case: This case established the Basic Structure Doctrine, influencing the High Courts’ approach to constitutional matters.
2. Indira Gandhi vs. Raj Narain: This landmark case dealt with election disputes and had a significant impact on electoral laws.
3. Vineet Narain Case: The High Courts played a role in shaping guidelines for handling corruption cases.

Conclusion

The High Courts of India are integral to the judicial system, ensuring justice at the state level and contributing to the overall legal framework of the country.